Search results for "Intellectual disabilitie"
showing 10 items of 16 documents
Underemployment among mothers of children with intellectual disabilities
2018
Background Mothers with lifelong care responsibilities might involuntarily be non-employed or work part-time, both of which are defined as “underemployment.” This study aimed to investigate who these underemployed mothers are and what are the factors associated with such employment hardship when having a child with intellectual disability (ID). Method An interview survey was conducted in 2011 in two local authorities of Taiwan on 876 working-age mothers with a child with intellectual disability; 514 of them were working part-time/non-employed and chosen as participants of this study. Results The mothers with a younger child with intellectual disability, a higher level of education, a lower …
Demographic and Parental Factors Associated With Developmental Outcomes in Children With Intellectual Disabilities
2019
The aim of the study was to examine the relation between demographic variables, parental characteristics, and cognitive, language and motor skills development in children with intellectual disabilities (ID). A sample of 89 children with ID, aged 20 to 47 months, completed the Bayley Scales of Infant Development to measure cognitive, motor and linguistic development. Parents were administered questionnaires about demographic information and parental anxiety, depression, parental stress, conjugality and familial functioning. Parenting behaviors (affection, responsiveness, encouragement, and teaching) were observed using the Spanish version of PICCOLO (Parenting Interactions with Children: Che…
The treatment of severe self-injurious behavior through sensory stimulation: A case report
2016
Self-injurious behavior of an institutionalized man with profound intellectual disability was treated with a daily 15-min sensory stimulation program, which consisted of moving the arms and hands of the participant, swinging his body, and massage. The frequency of self-injurious behavior was measured in 10-min sessions. Using a reversal design, it was shown that sensory stimulation decreased the participant’s self-hitting behavior significantly, both in intensity and in frequency. Sensory stimulation is recommended for use in those cases in which functional analysis has shown that self-injury may be reinforced by its sensory consequences.
Autonomia dorosłych osób z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną - perspektywa porównawcza
2022
Głównym celem przedstawionych w artykule badań własnych było określenie, jaki jest poziom autonomii dorosłych osób z głębszą niepełnosprawnością intelektualną (N = 133) mieszkających w różnych środowiskach. Uwzględniono perspektywę dorosłych osób mieszkających z rodzicami (N = 62), pensjonariuszy domów pomocy społecznej (N = 40) oraz mieszkańców domów L’Arche (N = 31). Wiek respondentów mieścił się przedziale od 18 do 68 lat (M = 38,82; SD = 12,71). Posłużono się metodą sondażu diagnostycznego. W celu zebrania niezbędnych danych zastosowano autorski Kwestionariusz wywiadu z dorosłą osobą z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną. W analizie wykorzystano nieparametryczny test Kruskala-Wallisa oraz…
The cholinergic system in Down's syndrome
2006
The cholinergic system is one of the most important modulatory neurotransmitter systems in the brain. Alterations of the transmission communicators are accompanied by reduction of the cortical activity, which is associated with a learning and memory deficit. Down's syndrome is a pathological condition characterized by a high number of abnormalities that involve the brain.The cholinergic system is involved in alterations of the neurological system such as severe learning difficulties.To explain these alterations, important results are obtained from studies about murine trisomy 16 (animal model of Down's syndrome).The results obtained provide useful elements in the improvement of knowledge ab…
Improving institutions: Effects of small unit size on quality of care of people with severe intellectual disabilities
2009
Two studies analysed the effects of small unit size of six to eight residents on the quality of care in institutions for people with intellectual disabilities. The results showed improvements in small units when compared with larger wards with 10 to 20 residents. Overall, the outcomes were small or modest, and the quality of care remained below standards typically achieved in community environments.
Assessment of Occupational Health and Job Satisfaction in Workers with Intellectual Disability: A Job Demands–Resources Perspective
2021
In the contexts where people with intellectual disability work, there are factors that determine their job satisfaction. The objective of this study was to test the adequacy of the central assumptions of the Job Demands–Resources (JD-R) theory in workers with intellectual disability employed in different work alternatives. Data from 362 workers in sheltered workshops and 192 workers in supported employment were utilized. The model was contrasted using a structural equation model and a multi-group analysis. The results supported the suitability of the model and confirmed that job demands and job resources evoke two relatively independent processes such as health impairment and motivational p…
Development and psychometric properties of a self‐report instrument for the assessment of sexual behaviour and concerns of people with mild intellect…
2021
Background: This paper presents a description of the development and psychometric properties of a self-report instrument for the assessment of sexual behaviour and concerns of people with mild intellectual disabilities (SEBECOMID-S). Methods and procedures: The study included 281 people with mild intellectual disabilities. The psychometric properties were examined through exploratory factorial analysis, descriptive statistics, and reliability indices. Results: The exploratory factor analyses offered a structure with three factors: concern about the appropriateness of their sexual behaviour, sexual practices performed, and safe sex practices. The model presents an excellent fit (χ2 /df = 1.1…
ATTRIBUTION STYLE AND INTERNAL STATE LEXICON: A COMPARISON BETWEEN INDIVIDUALS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY AND TYPICAL DEVELOPMENT
2012
Current theories of intellectual disabilities underlie an approach centred on a more complete description of the development, known as “the whole child approach”, in which emphasis is placed on the reciprocal relationships between the cognitive and motivational dimensions which characterise development. In particular, subjects with intellectual disabilities, who have experienced repeated failures, may develop an attribution profile characterised by a bias towards primarily external causes. However the consideration of internal causes, such as effort and ability, requires the involvement of higher metacognitive and metalinguistic levels. Consequently, attribution to effort requires an awaren…
Potrzeby mieszkaniowe dorosłych osób z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną – perspektywa rodziców
2022
Wprowadzenie. Problematyka samodzielności i niezależności osób z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną jest często omawiana w literaturze pedagogicznej, bywa jednak ujmowana w wąskim zakresie. Obejmuje kwestie podejmowania decyzji w błahych sprawach, pomijając te fundamentalne, np. dotyczące możliwości decydowania o tym, gdzie i z kim zamieszkać. Cel. Głównym celem badania było określenie potrzeb mieszkaniowych dorosłych osób Wyniki. Analiza wypowiedzi rodziców wskazuje na to, że ponad połowa z nich (53%) chciałaby, aby ich dorosłe dziecko w przyszłości mogło nadal mieszkać w domu rodzinnym lub z rodzeństwem; co trzeci rodzic (32,4%) pragnąłby, aby zamieszkało w całodobowym małym domu o charakt…